The use of renewable fuels for power generation is on the rise, an increase that can be attributed to the price surge and volatility of traditional fuels, as well as a general desire to use more environmentally friendly materials for power generation. Wind, solar, and biomass are experiencing strong market growth, but of these renewable energy sources, only biomass can be used to efficiently produce both heat and power, by fueling a combined heat and power (CHP) system.
One cost-effective approach to sourcing biomass for CHP is to use opportunity fuels—waste materials from agricultural or industrial processes that are available at or close to the CHP site. Utilizing these opportunity fuels may have additional benefits, including displacing purchased fossil fuel, freeing up landfill space, and reducing tipping fees associated with waste disposal. Opportunity fuels include:
- Biomass such as wood and wood wastes, sawdust, and combustible agricultural wastes.
- Biogas created in anaerobic digesters from the breakdown of organic matter such as wastewater sludge or farm waste.
- Black liquor: a byproduct of the pulping process.
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